Antes de adentrarmos ao tema central deste artigo, cabe primeiramente definir o que é caracterizado acidente de trabalho. A definição de acidente de trabalho consta descrita na Lei nº 8.213/91, a qual dispõe sobre os Planos de Benefícios da Previdência Social entre outras providências no artigo 19 º “Acidente do trabalho é o que ocorre pelo exercício do trabalho a serviço da empresa ou pelo exercício do trabalho dos segurados referidos no inciso VII do art. 11 desta Lei, provocando lesão corporal ou perturbação funcional que cause a morte ou a perda ou redução, permanente ou temporária, da capacidade para o trabalho.”
Como podemos ver no artigo supracitado, a definição acidente de trabalho é estabelecida por lei e não é apenas um conceito formado a esmo. A partir daqui damos continuidade ao foco do artigo.
Sabe como funciona a estabilidade por acidente de trabalho? Continue a leitura e saiba mais sobre o assunto!
O que é a estabilidade por acidente de trabalho?
A estabilidade por acidente de trabalho também esté regulamentada na Lei 8.213/91 no artigo 118 “O segurado que sofreu acidente do trabalho tem garantida, pelo prazo mínimo de doze meses, a manutenção do seu contrato de trabalho na empresa, após a cessação do auxílio-doença acidentário, independentemente de percepção de auxílio-acidente.” A referida estabilidade trata do plano de benefícios da previdência pública, uma vez que o legislador entende que o empregado que é afastado por doença ou por acidente de trabalho ficará sujeito a uma substituição.
Por hora esta substituição será temporária, sendo necessária apenas no período em que o empregador se encontrar afastado. No entanto, existe o temor do empregado ficar em uma situação de risco de demissão, uma vez que já estaria substituído, de forma que a sua força de trabalho não se faça mais necessária.
Buscando minimizar esta situação, o legislador estabeleceu a estabilidade ao acidentado. Esta tem vigência de um ano, sob o fundamento que durante este período o acidentado já obteve a sua readaptação.
Quem tem esse direito a ter a estabilidade por acidente de trabalho?
Para entendermos melhor quem tem direito a esta estabilidade vele conhecer o conteúdo da sumula nº 378 do TST:
” ESTABILIDADE PROVISÓRIA. ACIDENTE DO TRABALHO. ART. 118 DA LEI Nº 8.213/1991. (inserido item III) – Res. 185/2012, DEJT divulgado em 25, 26 e 27.09.2012 I – É constitucional o artigo 118 da Lei nº 8.213/1991 que assegura o direito à estabilidade provisória por período de 12 meses após a cessação do auxílio-doença ao empregado acidentado. (ex-OJ nº 105 da SBDI-1 – inserida em 01.10.1997) II – São pressupostos para a concessão da estabilidade o afastamento superior a 15 dias e a conseqüente percepção do auxílio-doença acidentário, salvo se constatada, após a despedida, doença profissional que guarde relação de causalidade com a execução do contrato de emprego. (primeira parte – ex-OJ nº 230 da SBDI-1 – inserida em 20.06.2001) III – O empregado submetido a contrato de trabalho por tempo determinado goza da garantia provisória de emprego decorrente de acidente de trabalho prevista no art. 118 da Lei nº 8.213/91.
Diante da leitura da Sumula supracitada, podemos extrair quem terá direito a tal estabilidade. Seria aquele empregado que, por motivo de acidente de trabalho, necessite de um período superior a 30 dias (conforme alteração devido a medida provisória nº 664/2014).
Para que seja efetivada a constatação do acidente de trabalho, será necessária a comunicação do ocorrido através do CAT — Comunicação do Acidente de Trabalho no site da previdência — até um dia após o acidente de trabalho. Caso o empregador não respeite este prazo, poderá arcar com multa.
Após a comunicação realizada pelo empregador, o empregado acidentado deverá ir até o INSS dar entrada no auxilio destinado aos trabalhadores que sofrem acidente de trabalho. Contara como inicio da estabilidade o fim da concessão do beneficio denominado auxilio acidentário.
Quer evidar acidentes de trabalho na sua corporação? A Astro Distribuidora é uma empresa especializada em Equipamentos de Proteção Individual (EPI). Conte com a nossa ampla linha de produtos para garantir a segurança e a satisfação do trabalho da sua equipe!
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